Development broadband acoustic ear echo spectrometer and new effective program of universal audiological screening of newborns

The experimental sample of a new device for objective diagnosis of human hearing is developed - a broadband acoustic ear echo-spectrometer. A new program for universal audiological screening of newborns has been developed, which includes the definition with the help of a broadband acoustic ear echo-spectrometer: the middle ear rate factor; the ratio of the immittance at the frequencies of the probe signal to the immitance at the resonant frequency of the middle ear in decibels, which gives an audiometric zero curve for a single newborn, similar to the statistical curve for the audiometer, but with much greater accuracy; the value of immitance at the resonant frequency of the middle ear, which gives the reflection coefficient from the tympanic membrane, the pressure gain in the chain of the auditory ossicles, and their leverage ratio, the value of the eardrum area. It was first established that the most prominent formant of sound "a", in the mother and in the child, coincides with the resonant frequency of the middle ear in the norm, which is the basis for the new express method of hearing control of the newborn. Experimental studies of the spectra of signals of delayed induced otoacoustic emission of the human ear, and otoacoustic emission at the frequency of the product of distortion of biological objects are carried out.