Наноматеріали

This work is devoted to research of nanomaterials and nanostructures for creation of super-high speed and THz micro- and nanoelectronics components. Using of III-nitride wide gap materials opens new possibilities for creation on their basis low-dimensional semiconductor structures, which combine possibilities to get more fast-acting and more powerful electronic devices in comparison with existent A3B5 devices.

Highly effective sorbent materials were received with the help of modification of their surface by quaternary ammonium salts, inorganic polyhydroxocomplexes of metals and iron compounds for water purification contaminated with heavy metals and natural radionuclides. There were defined the basic principles of nanomaterials' synthesis on the base of dispersions of layered silicates with specified physical and chemical characteristics and structure.

A new fundamental scientific concept of purposeful synthesis of metal oxides and nanocomposites «metal oxide/multiwalled carbon nanotubes» structure with controlled and predetermined properties, which may be used as photocatalysts and electrocatalysts, energy conversion devices is created. Conceptual bases of alternative methods (high-temperature electrochemical synthesis and recovery metallothermal) direct synthesis of nanostructured silicides metals VI-B group are proposed.

Investigation of nanomaterials and prediction of ternary nitrides abilities was carries out for application in the development of ultrahighfrequency micro- and nanoelectronics components. Analysis of dynamical and highfrequency properties of ternary nitrides has shown the possibilities of its application for device development for frequencies up to the hundreds of gigahertz and formation of picosecond pulses.

It is known that substances with crystal size less than 100 nm possess some valuable properties which are not known for the substances in bulk or macrocrystal state. In particular, nanosized metal oxides become electrochemically active, which permit to use them in energy storage systems.

The conditions for the reactions of oxidation of metals (titanium, tin, tantalum) and their compounds were determined for the synthesis of the nanosized oxides.

The main result of the work is the scientific conception of formation in α-Fe and it’s alloys nano- and submicrostructures under severe plastic deformation by friction (SPDF) in gas atmosphere (argon, air, ammonia). This original new method allows one to refine grain structure down to nanometre scale together with modifying the surface by dopant element.  Minimum strain e necessary to produce 100 nm sized α-Fe grained structure was estimated to be about 10 with high strain rate (έ>10² s^-1) in dynamic recrystallization condition.

Scientific interest in noble metals nanoparticles (NPs) and nanostructured metal surfaces formed by their deposition is caused by their unique physical properties, including surface enhancement of linear and nonlinear optical phenomena in the media in contact with such nanostructures. Morphological characteristics of NPs determine their catalytic, sensor, optical properties. Thus, it is of great importance to identify factors that affect the morphology of nanoparticles formed in multicomponent solution with regard to kinetic phenomena in solution and on the NPs surface.