Rational Nature

The electrochemical behavior of steel in a model of contact water heating was investigated. It was shown that the increase in temperature, carbon dioxide concentration, the application of stirring lead to an increase in corrosion rate, which is not inhibited in time unlike corrosion in the water with natural CO2 content. The dependence of pH on the concentration of CO2 was established, which is the main corrosion factor.

Chemical composition and microscopic structure of stems of representatives of non-wood plant raw material were established, which allowed to prove the feasibility of processing them into production of pulp and paper, pharmaceutical and woodworking industries. Influence of main technological parameters (concentration, temperature and chemicals consumption) of obtaining pulp on quality indexes (yield, content of residual lignin, physical and mechanical properties) was studied. This allowed calculating adequate regression equations using mathematical methods of planning experiment.

Three ways of converting waste into energy or electricity are combined in this research. The first way concerns the energy conversion of wastewater organic compounds into hydrogen and electricity in biofuel cells. The second one is based on conversion of solar energy and organic compounds energy with using of inorganic photocathode in biofuel cell to produce hydrogen. The third way concerns the conversion of solar energy and inorganic waste gases on lipids of phototrophic microalgae. This combination of processes allows to convert different wastes into energy carriers and electricity.

Highly effective sorbent materials were received with the help of modification of their surface by quaternary ammonium salts, inorganic polyhydroxocomplexes of metals and iron compounds for water purification contaminated with heavy metals and natural radionuclides. There were defined the basic principles of nanomaterials' synthesis on the base of dispersions of layered silicates with specified physical and chemical characteristics and structure.

The work is dedicated to the development and implementation of integrated design methodologies of individual elements of unmanned aircraft systems related to the problems of ensuring the necessary tactical and technical, performance, reliability characteristics, performance and unification into a single unified methodology and a system of making design decisions in the design process.

A number of systems and single indicators for environmental sustainability assessment of different level objects is proposed. An assessment of sustainable development environmental dimension of world countries and regions of Ukraine with inverse interpretation in the context of quality and security of human life is carried out. The profiles of regions of Ukraine are generated with marking out of indicators of the greatest interest from regional development processes management point of view considering social-environmental-economical sustainability.

The mathematical model of informative environment is developed for the exposure of thermal anomalies in a current situation. The original image fusion methods were developed for two channel optoelectronic systems of supervision (OESS) at the sensors level and on the base of information map, which provides higher detect probability of thermal anomalies after their relevant features. The criterion of information fusion efficiency is developed for multispectral OESS on the base of the targeting task performance.

Reasonable hypothesis of formation of nitric-calcium-humic sulfur-containing hard compos with even distribution of calcspar and humic matters on all volume of granules during realization of isothermal mass crystallization of the saturated aquatic solutions of sulfate to the ammonium.

The processes of illumination of low mineralized and salt waters are studied with the use of additional reagents. Possibility of the use and efficiency are set in the processes of illumination of different types of coagulants and flokulants, selected most suitable from them for illumination of low mineralized, the optimal doses of reagents, condition of their use are certain, limiting factors that determine efficiency of discolouration with the help of chemical reagents are set. The processes of the reagent softening of waters of this type are studied.

The main scientific and technical idea of work consists in complex use of the combined temperature elastic deformed method of devulcanization by compression of the crushed rubber waste with simultaneous shift and deleting at separate temperatures, and also development of the advanced patento-protected design of the equipment for realization to the process of devulcanization of the crushed worn-out tires and rubber products and receiving high-quality powder and a crumb which could be used in its pure form to the process re-vulcanized rubber as a supplement to, and for receiving other composi