Energy and energy efficiency

Energy-saving constructions and regulations of the Castner furnaces operation were developed for graphitization of large-sized electrode workbenches, which have no other analogue in Ukraine and reach energy expenses decrease by 20–25 %. Thermal and electrical furnace state was experimentally investigated during graphitization of electrode workbenches with different expansion blocks. It was found out that gasification process of carbon material by water vapor occurs in operation area during graphitization process in the Castner furnace.

In order to improve the energy efficiency of heat transfer processes, the processes of scale formation and corrosion on heat transfer surfaces were investigated. An experimental setup and method of deposition of scale in operating conditions, hot water and steam boilers at a temperature of 95 ± 2 ° C, which differ from the known fact, that allow you to monitor and adjust the rate of scale formation, using a constant supply of fresh water to maintain a constant composition of the aquatic environment.

The scientific-technical and methodological basis:
 build flexible power systems, algorithms and software for the calculation of optimal structural-parametric layout decisions based on the forecast charts covering loads of power supply systems (PSS);
 definition of rational structure and parameters of complex sources of distributed generation, in accordance with the conditions of their use, taking into account economic, environmental, social and other factors;

The performance behavior of amplifiers with series-additive operational amplifiers for voltages up to 1000 V has been determined. An automated system for research on broadband amplifiers has been designed. Experimental samples of the amplifier for voltages up to 1000 V in the frequency range up to 100 kHz and multi-channel measurement system for constant and alternating voltage and current, power, phase shifts, nonlinear distortion and temperature measurements have been designed and fabricated.

Developed a comprehensive approach to the problem of optimizing energy consumption, improving energy efficiency and sustainability of the most energy-intensive consumers, mining companies and mining installations by applying the means of diagnosing their energy efficiency, energy-saving systems of electric drive control devices, power quality and introduction of technological measures for saving energy.

In the energy sector of Ukraine there are a significant number of different power boilers, furnaces, drying, gas turbines etc., which exhausted their service life. The experience in the operation of such systems has shown that one of the problems of their functioning is a significant discrepancy between the actual and the calculated distribution of the heat flow in the combustion chamber. This results in thermal distortions in the equipment elements occurrence stresses and lead to crash.

The comparative tests of multi-stage centrifugal distillers are conducted with two types of heat-pumps – mechanical steam compressor and thermo-electric heat-pump, advantages and lacks of their use are certain in the systems of life-support for space aircrafts with a crew onboard. Developed and executed measures on modernization of construction and separate elements of centrifugal distiller and thermo-electric heat-pump, that allowed to promote efficiency of their work.

Object of research is the educational nanosatellite (further NS) a format 2U CubeSat.
Objects of research are a subsystem of navigation for NS on an earth orbit with receiver GPS/GLONASS, a subsystem of orientation of NS, a subsystem of communication of NS to ground station with a format of data interchange AX.25 and BPSK modulation.
The operation purpose is development of subsystems of navigation, orientation and communication of NS by methods of physical modeling and an experimental research of the main parameters of subsystems.

Continuous growth in cooling water shortages and increase of environmental requirements through thermal pollution is closely linked with the problem of rational use of water resources and reducing water-intensive technologies. This necessitates the usage of modern energy technologies and their upgrading with help of existing cooling systems in a variety of industries.

Electric circuit diagrams and technical solutions, which improve technology formation of low-frequency ultrahigh voltages (up to 500 kV) for certified tests of power cables with modern po-lymeric insulation on voltages to 330 kV are developed.
Circuit diagrams and solutions are based on practical realization of a power series resonant contour with adjustable precision Q-factor (Q ≈ 40) in the test installation that provides formation of resonant test voltages with instability ≤ 1 %.